Date: Thu, 14 Dec 1995 12:20:15 -0800 From: Keith AokiSubject: NY Times, 12-13-95 For your use and information, here's an item from today's New York Times that I had scanned in (cite as New York Times, 12-13-95, at A16) __________________________________________________________________ ATTACKS AGAINST ASIAN-AMERICANS ARE RISING By Kenneth B. Noble LOS ANGELES, Dec. 12 -- He chose his course of action matter-of-factly, as if he were deciding which color shirt to wear. "I'm going to kill me a Chinaman" is how Robert Page put it in his written confession to the police. A few hours later, as Eddy Wu carried a bag of groceries from a supermarket in Novato, Calif., to his car, Mr. Page attacked, leaving Mr. Wu, 23, with stab wounds to his back and shoulder, and a punctured lung. "He was looking for a victim based on his white supremacist beliefs," Jim Laveroni, a police sergeant in the affluent suburb about 30 miles north of San Francisco, said at Mr. Page's court hearing last month. The assault on Mr. Wu is the latest in a series of recent race-based incidents directed against Asian Americans, particularly in Northern California. A study released in July by the National Asian Pacific-American Legal Consortium, an organization representing 40 groups, calculated that there was a 35 percent increase in anti-Asian hate crimes nationwide to 452 incidents last year, up from 335 incidents in his audit for 1993. In Northern California, the increase more than doubled to 83 last year, from 39 the year before. The State Attorney-General's first hate-crimes report, which was released today, counts 57 hate crimes against Asian Americans in the last six months of 1994, involving 72 victims. The crimes, as reported to various Asian-American organizations and to the police, range in violence from racist-graffiti on the offices of the Japanese-American Citizens League in Sacramento, to an attack on a Chinese-American family in a Vallejo, Calif., amusement park, where they were taunted and told to return to China, to the fire-bombing of the home of a Chinese city councilman in Sacramento. In a significant number of incidents, attackers say, "Go home," or "Get out of my country," the report said. The attacks have largely baffled the police in places like Novato, whose middle- and upper-middle class community is widely regarded as liberal and tolerant. ANd, compared with the rest of California, it has a small Asian-American population -- not large enough, residents suggest, to pose a threat to anyone. The incidents have heightened fears among many Asian-Americans that increasingly blatant race-based harassment is on the rise and that those who commit these crimes seem to hate Asians without drawing distinctions between newly arrived immigrants and native-born Americans, or between Chinese, Japanese, Cambodians and other Asian nationalities and ethnic groups. "Like most minority groups, we're accustomed to to dealing with subtle forms of racism," Thanh Ngo, a lawyer with the Asian Law Caucus in San Francisco said about the attack on Mr. Wu. "But it's striking to see such a blatant act. A lot of people are very frightened." Like many of the more recent crimes, the attack on Mr. Wu involved a young white man. Still at issue is whether Mr. Page is competent to stand trial. A psychologist hired by the public defender's office told a judge last week that Mr. Page was seriously disturbed, and a hearing has been set in January to determine his competency. Meanwhile, Mr. Page, who is being held in the Marin County Jail, has been charged with attempted murder with bail set at $1 million. In another incident in May, across the bay in Los Altos, John Lee, 28, an American of South Korean ancestry, stopped at a gas station. There he was approached by a white man, Justin Adams, who began taunting him by putting his hands together and bowing "Buddha-like", squinting his eyes and mimicking an Asian accent. According topolice and court records, Mr. Lee confronted Mr. Adams and two other whites, saying his antics were not amusing. Mr. Adams then punched him several times, kicking Mr. Lee to the ground. One of Mr. Adams' companions kicked Mr. Lee in the head, and the third punched Mr. Lee as he lay on the pavement. The three men were later arrested. Two pleaded guilty to battery. Mr. Adams pleaded innocent to charges of committing a hate crime. The case, which went to trial in October, resulted in a hung jury. The local District Attorney's Office has announced plans to try Mr. Adams again. National Asian-Pacific American Legal Consortium said in its report: "Many incidents begin as simple name-calling and escalate into further violence resulting in serious or fatal injuries. Further, racist hate messages alone cause real psychological and emotional damage on their victims." Elaine H. Kim, a professor of Asian-American studies at the University of California, Berkeley, and Chairwoman of the comparative ethnic studies department, said Asian-Americans have faced a distinctive type of racism in the last 100 years, a feeling on the part of the white population that "you can't be here." "My mother came to Hawaii in 1903 as an infant, and she could not become a citizen until 1952," Professor Kim said. "I think it's always tied to resentment. If you don't make it, you get kicked down. And if you make it, you get kicked down. It's really a Catch-22." What is particularly unnerving for many Asian-Americans, community groups say, is that success has not bred tolerance; they have assimilated into many communities but are still the objects of hate. Rather, their financial and educational achievements may have engendered a new generation of hate crimes directed at them from disenfranchised whites who are jealous. One factor that may be fueling the upsurge in hate crimes, especially in California, has been the unparalled influx of Asian-American immigrants in recent years. In San Francisco County, for example, Asian-Americans are now the largest minority group, exceeding in numbers the black populations and people of Hispanic descent combined. Data from the 1990 census show that the 337,118 white residents of the county constitute 46.6 percent of the population; Asians, whose numbers total 205, 686, constituted 28.4 percent; Hispanics totaled 100, 717 or 13.9 percent; blacks were 76, 343, or 10.5 percent, and the rest were American Indians, Eskimos and Pacific Islanders. But even as Asian-Americans are integrated into their communities, changing the character of those communities, they are still considered to be interlopers by some, and thus legitimate candidates for harassment. The consortium complained in its report, for instance, that "in best-selling novels and blockbuster movies, Asian-Pacific Americans continue to be cast as untrustworthy foreigners, devious economic competitors or martial arts experts." Perhaps an even bigger factor inciting anti-Asian sentiment, experts say, is what many see as growing nativism and racial intolerance exemplified by Proposition 187, the immigration-control proposal that has become one of California's biggest political disputes. Diane Chin, a lawyer and co-chairman of the Intergroup Clearinghouse in San Francisco, a nonprofit group that assists victims of hate crimes, said that with Governor Pete Wilson's promotion of Proposition 187, "There has been a climate created by the established political leadership that devalues peoples of color, and gays, lesbians and bisexuals; they've established a climate that allows hate violence to exist." Michael Wong, the co-chairman of Break the Silence, a San Francisco based group that documents hate crimes against Asians and provides assistance to victims, suggested that the increase in anti-Asian hate crimes is linked to the Congressional debate over welfare cuts. "At a time when public benefits are being curtailed, there's a lot of talk of not having enough space and resources to protect our communities," Mr. Wong said. "There's a lot of scapegoating and pitting populations against one another." PHOTO: Robert Page of Novato, Calif., at his arraignment last month in a stabbling attack on an Asian man.